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Of the variety of natural resources found in Iran, petroleum and natural gas are by far the most important. The chief oil fields are found in the central and southwestern parts of the Zagros Mountains in West of Iran. Oil also is found in Noeth of Iran and in the offshore waters of the Persian Gulf

The petroleum industry is Iran"s economic mainstay; oil accounts for 80% of export revenues, and Iran is a member of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC). Major refineries are located at Abadan (site of the country"s first refinery, built 1913), Kermanshah , and Tehran. Pipelines move oil from the fields to the refineries and to such exporting ports as Abadan, Bandar-e Mashur, and Khark Island. In the late 1990s, Iran"s state-owned oil and gas industry entered into major exploration and production agreements with foreign consortiums.The signing of the notorious D"Arvy concession on 28 may 1901 marked the foundation of the oil industry of Iran.In 1951, the National Front movement, headed by Premier Mussadegh , a militant nationalist, forced the parliament to nationalize the oil industry and form the National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC). continue